Since it was established in 1943, the library has continually gathered information sources from archaeology and the related scientific disciplines. The extent of these sources makes it one of the most important collections of this type in the Czech Republic. Its services are offered to the researchers of its parent institution and other users (particularly students, teachers and the professional public).

It has continuously processed the bibliographies of the institute’s researchers, first in the form of a card catalogue, then from 1993 electronically in the ASEP (Automatic Publication Record System).

The library carries out all work connected with the publication activities of the Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Brno. This includes a Czech and foreign academic literature exchange, which is the main source for the acquisition of new publications and journals.

The library actively participates in the popularisation projects of its parent institution. During Open Days, the librarians conduct guided tours for schools and public groups. The library also regularly exhibits scientific and popularising publications at specialised book fairs and international and domestic conferences as well as organising excursions for the professional public. In May 2018, the library was involved in the literary event – Literature Night Brno 2018 – organised by the Czech Centre in cooperation with the EUNIC (European Union National Institutes for Culture) network.